Vi fant 3 definisjoner av deoxyribonucleic acid på engelsk.
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WordNet
Noun
deoxyribonucleic acid -
(biochemistry) a long linear polymer found in the nucleus of a cell and formed from nucleotides and shaped like a double helix; associated with the transmission of genetic information; "DNA is the king of molecules"
polymer a naturally occurring or synthetic compound consisting of large molecules made up of a linked series of repeated simple monomers
biochemistry the organic chemistry of compounds and processes occurring in organisms; the effort to understand biology within the context of chemistry
cistron,
gene,
factor (genetics) a segment of DNA that is involved in producing a polypeptide chain; it can include regions preceding and following the coding DNA as well as introns between the exons; it is considered a unit of heredity; "genes were formerly called factors"
operon a segment of DNA containing adjacent genes including structural genes and an operator gene and a regulatory gene
base pair one of the pairs of chemical bases joined by hydrogen bonds that connect the complementary strands of a DNA molecule or of an RNA molecule that has two strands; the base pairs are adenine with thymine and guanine with cytosine in DNA and adenine with uracil and guanine with cytosine in RNA
adenine,
a (biochemistry) purine base found in DNA and RNA; pairs with thymine in DNA and with uracil in RNA
cdna,
complementary dna single-stranded DNA that is complementary to messenger RNA or DNA that has been synthesized from messenger RNA by reverse transcriptase
episome DNA that is not incorporated into the genome but is replicated together with the genome (especially in bacterial cells)
cytosine,
c a base found in DNA and RNA and derived from pyrimidine; pairs with guanine
coding dna,
exon sequence of a gene's DNA that transcribes into protein structures; "exons are interspersed with introns"
intron,
noncoding dna sequence of a eukaryotic gene's DNA that is not translated into a protein
junk dna stretches of DNA that do not code for genes; "most of the genome consists of junk DNA"
sticky end an end of DNA in which one strand of the double helix extends a few units beyond the other
jumping gene,
transposon a segment of DNA that can become integrated at many different sites along a chromosome (especially a segment of bacterial DNA that can be translocated as a whole)
guanine,
g a purine base found in DNA and RNA; pairs with cytosine
nucleic acid (biochemistry) any of various macromolecules composed of nucleotide chains that are vital constituents of all living cells
deoxyribonucleic acid The principal material of inheritance. It is found in chromosomes and consists of molecules that are long unbranched chains made up of many nucleotides. Each nucleotide is a combination of phosphoric acid, the monosaccharide deoxyribose and one of four nitrogenous bases: thymine, cytosine, adenine or guanine. The number of possible arrangements of nucleotides along the DNA chain is immense. Usually two DNA strands are linked together in parallel by specific base-pairing and are helically coiled. Replication of DNA molecules is accomplished by separation of the two strands, followed by the building up of matching strands by means of base-pairing, using the two halves as templates. By a mechanism involving RNA, the structure of DNA is translated into the structure of proteins during their synthesis from amino acids.\n(Source: ALL)
