A playpen is a piece of furniture in which an infant or young toddler (typically those less than 35" tall and 30 lbs) is placed to prevent them from causing harm to themselves when their parent or guardian is preoccupied. The earliest use of the word playpen cited in the Oxford English Dictionary is 1902. More recently they have also been called "playards".
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playpen A portable piece of furniture in which an infant or young child is confined for safety reasons.