graphite is one of the allotropes of carbon. It was named by Abraham Gottlob Werner in 1789 from the Greek γράφειν (graphein): "to draw/write", for its use in pencils, where it is commonly called lead (not to be confused with the metallic element lead). Unlike diamond (another carbon allotrope), graphite is an electrical conductor, a semimetal. Thus, e.g.
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graphite An allotrope of carbon consisting of planes of carbon atoms arranged in hexagonal arrays with the planes stacked loosely.